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目的发展中国家的肝癌发病率呈现下降趋势,但中国的肝癌疾病负担仍然严重,本研究旨在通过分析青岛市2008-2012年居民肝癌死亡情况及其流行特征,为进一步制定肝癌防控措施提供科学依据。方法运用Excel和SPSS21.0统计软件对青岛市2008-2012年死因监测系统的肝癌死亡病例数据进行整理和分析,计算其粗死亡率、标化死亡率、年度变化百分比(annual percent change,APC),描述其3者间分布特征。结果 2008-2012年青岛市居民死于肝癌13 004例,其中男9 554例,女3 450例;肝癌粗死亡率为33.99/10万,标化死亡率为27.98/10万;男性肝癌死亡率为49.89/10万,高于女性的18.06/10万,是女性肝癌死亡率的2.8倍。经标化后,男性死亡率(41.19/10万)是女性(14.42/10万)的2.9倍。肝癌标化死亡率从2008年的35.66/10万下降到2012年的20.21/10万,下降了43.33%,通过时间趋势分析,差异有统计学意义,P<0.05;5年来肝癌在恶性肿瘤死因顺位中一直居于第2位,仅次于肺癌。各时期随年龄的增长肝癌死亡率随之增加,死亡率有城乡差异,农村标化死亡率为30.98/10万,高于城市的18.69/10万,城乡死亡率比为1∶1.66。结论 5年来肝癌总死亡率呈下降趋势,差异有统计学意义,死亡率男性高于女性,农村高于城市,肝癌死因顺位居第2位,其仍是青岛市城乡居民恶性肿瘤死亡的主要原因,男性、农村及高龄人群是当前肿瘤防治工作的重点。
The incidence of liver cancer in developing countries is on the decline, but the burden of liver cancer in China is still serious. This study aims to provide a guideline for prevention and control of liver cancer by analyzing the mortality and epidemic characteristics of liver cancer among residents in Qingdao in 2008-2012 Scientific basis. Methods Data of death from liver cancer in death monitoring system from 2008 to 2012 in Qingdao were collected and analyzed by using Excel and SPSS21.0 statistical software to calculate the crude death rate, standardized death rate, annual percent change (APC) , Describe the distribution characteristics between the three of them. Results The population of Qingdao residents died of 13 004 cases of liver cancer from 2008 to 2012, including 9 554 males and 3 450 females. The crude mortality rate of liver cancer was 33.99 / 100 000 and the standardized mortality rate was 27.98 / 100 000. The mortality rate of male liver cancer 49.89 / 100,000, higher than the female 18.06 / 100000, is 2.8 times the mortality rate of female liver cancer. After the standardization, the male mortality rate (41.19 / 100000) is 2.9 times that of the female (14.42 / 100000). The standardized mortality rate of liver cancer decreased from 35.66 / 100000 in 2008 to 20.21 / 100000 in 2012, down by 43.33% .Through time trend analysis, the difference was statistically significant, P <0.05; In the ranking has been living in second place, second only to lung cancer. With the increase of age, the mortality rate of liver cancer increased with the increase of age. The mortality rate in urban and rural areas varied from 30.98 / lakh to 30.98 / lakh in rural areas, higher than the urban population of 18.69 / lakh and the urban-rural mortality ratio was 1:1.66. Conclusions The total mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma has a decreasing trend over the past five years, with a significant difference between the two groups. The mortality rate is higher in males than in females. Rural areas are higher than cities, and the cause of death of liver cancer ranks No. 2. It is still the major cause of death from cancer in urban and rural residents in Qingdao The reason, male, rural and elderly population is the current focus of cancer prevention and treatment.