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天麻是我国特有的名贵药材,有很高的药用价值,社会效益也很好,国内外市场供应紧缺,发展天麻生产,前景稳当可靠。现将天麻的有性繁殖和无性繁殖技术及主要品种简介如下: 一、天麻的有性繁殖技术天麻的有性繁殖培育种子,是解决大面积生产时种源和防止品种退化,进行定向培育良种,提高新法天麻产量、质量的关键性措施。但是,天麻苗期、花期都短,而且天麻花色不鲜艳,无特殊气味,花冠壶状,口径很小,合蕊柱头上又覆盖着一罩状药盖,不易引诱媒介物帮助进行自然授粉,着果率低,有效种子少;种子细小,由胚及单层细胞种皮构成,无胚乳,本身无营养来源,发展困难。所以要经过一系列技术处理,才能得到大量种子。
Gastrodia is a precious medicinal herbs unique to our country, has a high medicinal value, social benefits are also very good, the domestic and international market supply shortage, the development of gastrodia production, stable and reliable prospects. Now Tianma sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction techniques and the main varieties are as follows: First, the sexual reproduction of Gastrodia Gastrodia sexually propagated seed breeding, is to solve the large-scale production of provenance and prevent the degradation of varieties, targeted breeding , Improve the new law Tianma yield, quality of the key measures. However, Tianma seedling, flowering are short, and Gastrodia color is not bright, no special smell, corolla pot-shaped, small caliber, He Ru stigma is covered with a cover-like drug cover, not easy to lure vector to help natural pollination, Low fruit rate, less effective seeds; seeds small, composed of embryoid and monolayer seed coat, no endosperm itself has no nutritional sources, the development of difficulties. So to go through a series of technical processing, can get a lot of seeds.