一　　孔子和儒家所处的春秋战国 ,无疑是一个政治与文化日益朝着多元分化与异质裂变的方向发展的时代 ,当时学者所谓的“今诸侯异政 ,百家异说”(《荀子·解蔽》)或“道术将为天下裂”(《庄子·天下》)足以表达这一时代的政治与精神的状况。正是为了救治这种时代的分裂状况 , The Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, in which both Confucius and Confucius lived, undoubtedly represented an era in which politics and culture increasingly developed in the direction of pluralism and heterogeneous fission. At that time, scholars called “ Unmasking ”) or“ Taoism will be a world break ”(“ Chuang Tzu ”) is enough to express the political and spiritual conditions of this era. It is precisely for the sake of saving the splittist situation of this era.