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目的:通过回顾性分析新疆乌鲁木齐市创伤患者的流行病学特征及救治情况,为提高创伤救治水平及公共卫生政策的制定提供客观依据。方法:检索并收集新疆医科大学第一附属医院急救·创伤中心2010-01-31-2015-12-31接诊的院前创伤患者的资料,包括患者基本信息、受伤时间、受伤原因、受伤部位、受伤机制、救治情况和预后。数据资料以SPSS 17.0统计软件进行描述性分析。结果:本次研究共收录8 324例患者中,男6 094例(73.21%)、女2 230例(26.79%)。汉族6 027例(72.41%),其次为维吾尔族1467例(17.62%)。31~40岁(27.14%),41~50岁(21.78%)和21~30岁(17.67%)为创伤事件高发年龄组。创伤高发职业分别是工人(25.32%)、农民(14.96%)和学生(14.65%)。文化程度在初中及以下者占58.01%。每日创伤事件的发生时间主要集中在12~15时及18~21时这两段时间。最常见的受伤机制分别是道路交通伤(45.43%)和高处坠落伤(18.93%)。最常见的受伤部位为头颈部(56.48%)。急诊手术主要以清创缝合术(36.19%)及腹部手术(20.60%)为主。创伤患者并发症发生率为43.87%,最常见的并发症为全身炎症反应综合征及休克,发生率分别为14.18%和10.23%。创伤患者死亡208例,总病死率为2.50%,一半以上患者死于多器官功能衰竭。结论:本院急诊创伤患者存在较明显的流行病学特征,其对医院创伤急救的资源配置和流程安排有重要的指导价值。
OBJECTIVE: To provide an objective basis for improving the level of trauma treatment and public health policy by retrospectively analyzing the epidemiological characteristics and treatment of trauma patients in Urumqi, Xinjiang. Methods: Retrieval and collection of First Affiliated Hospital First Aid and Trauma Center, Xinjiang Medical University 2010-01-31-2015-12-31 Information on prehospital trauma patients, including the basic information of patients, the time of injury, the cause of injury, the injured site Injury mechanism, treatment and prognosis. Data was descriptively analyzed using SPSS 17.0 statistical software. Results: Of the 8 324 patients included in this study, 6 094 (73.21%) were male and 2 230 (26.79%) were female. 6 027 Han Han (72.41%), followed by Uigur 1467 (17.62%). 31 to 40 years old (27.14%), 41 to 50 years old (21.78%) and 21 to 30 years old (17.67%) were those with high incidence of traumatic events. Trauma occupations were workers (25.32%), farmers (14.96%) and students (14.65%) respectively. 58.01% of them have junior high school education or below. Daily traumatic events occur mainly in the 12 to 15 o’clock and 18 to 21 o’clock these two periods. The most common injuries were road traffic injuries (45.43%) and height falls injuries (18.93%). The most common injuries were head and neck (56.48%). Emergency surgery mainly debridement and suture (36.19%) and abdominal surgery (20.60%) based. The incidence of trauma patients was 43.87%, the most common complication was systemic inflammatory response syndrome and shock, the incidence rates were 14.18% and 10.23% respectively. Trauma patients died of 208 cases, the overall case fatality rate was 2.50%, more than half of patients died of multiple organ failure. Conclusion: There are obvious epidemiological characteristics in emergency trauma patients in our hospital, and it has important guiding value for the resource allocation and flow arrangement of hospital emergency trauma.