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西孟加拉邦印度共产党,1977年开始执政,在该邦没有输过任何一场选举。令人匪夷所思的是,选举的胜利与该邦全面的经济衰退同时出现。政治学家们试图用官僚政治和唯物主义的因素来解释政党的弹性。然而这些解释不尽完善,因为他们未能认真考虑文化因素在树立和维护政党合法性上所扮演的角色。运用马克斯·韦伯合法性统治的类型学来分析这一案例,作者认为,共产党统治的受认可度,取决于三个相互依赖的权力之间不断变换的关系态势:合法的,传统的,卡里斯马型的权力,这些都有助于解释共产党的长期当选。传统的卡里斯马(魅力型)领袖和传统权威人士与法律权威互相交织,产生了政党合法性。正是政党合法性让公众接受该政党在该邦选举中连续获胜。
The Indian Communist Party in West Bengal, which came to power in 1977, did not lose any of the elections in that state. What is incredible is that the victory of the election coincided with the overall economic recession in that state. Political scientists try to explain the flexibility of political parties with bureaucratic and materialistic factors. However, these explanations are not perfect because they fail to seriously consider the role of cultural factors in establishing and safeguarding the legitimacy of political parties. Using the typology of Max Weber’s rule of legitimacy to analyze this case, the author argues that the acceptance of Communist rule depends on the constantly changing relationship between the three interdependent powers: legal, traditional, The horse-type authority, all of which will help explain the long-term election of the Communist Party. The traditional Kalisma (charismatic) leaders and traditional authorities interwoven with the legal authority, resulting in the legitimacy of the party. It is the legitimacy of political parties that allow the public to accept the party’s continuous victory in the country’s election.