我国的外语教学,汉语作为外语的对外汉语教学以及对国内少数民族的汉语教学,总之是本族语之外的一种语言教学都可以说是第二语言教学。为了提高教学质量,教师都在进行教学理论和方法的研究和探讨。教师都注意到了教本位的弱点,而逐渐将教学活动变为学本位。这并不是说教学方面不重要了,而是要求更高了,这就要求教学法不断地适应学习者的需要。语言教学是以课堂为主的。教材则是教学的基本依据。在围绕学习过程的教学活动中,其本族语与第二语言的比较是必不可少的,但这种比较的教学的普遍运用也会带来很多问题。如果不注意比较的分寸,也会给教学带来不利的效果。 Foreign language teaching in our country, teaching Chinese as a foreign language of Chinese as a foreign language and Chinese teaching of ethnic minorities in China are, in short, a kind of language teaching other than native language, which can be said to be second language teaching. In order to improve teaching quality, teachers are conducting research and discussion on teaching theories and methods. Teachers have noticed the weakness of teaching-based teaching, and gradually turn teaching activities into a standard of learning. This is not to say that teaching is not important, but the demand is higher, which requires that pedagogy should be constantly adapted to learners’ needs. Language teaching is classroom-based. Teaching materials is the basic basis for teaching. In the teaching activities around the learning process, the comparison between native language and second language is essential, but the universal application of this kind of comparative teaching also brings many problems. If you do not pay attention to the sense of proportion, will also give teaching adverse effects.