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受地震预警系统研究与应用近期取得成功的促使,我们研究了地震震级与单台接收的前3秒P波性质之间的关系。利用台湾宽频地震台阵的NACB台站记录到的震中距小于100km的46个地震的波形,我们发现高达6.5级地震的震级与初至P波特征周期的对数有线性相关关系。我们还发现,M<6.5级地震的震级与初至P波的峰值振幅存在确定性的关系。虽然更大地震的初至P波峰值振幅的行为有待进一步研究,但我们建议在现场(单台)地震早期预警操作中联合使用前3秒初至P波的特征频率和峰值振幅。
Due to the recent success of the research and application of earthquake early warning systems, we have studied the relationship between the magnitude of the earthquake and the P-wave properties of the first three seconds received by a single station. Using the waveforms of 46 earthquakes less than 100 km recorded by the NACB station of Taiwan Broadband Seismic Array, we found that the magnitude of the 6.5 magnitude earthquake has a linear correlation with the logarithm of the first-cycle P-wave characteristic period. We also find that there is a deterministic relationship between the magnitude of the M <6.5 earthquake and the peak amplitude of the first P wave. Although the behavior of the first-to-peak P-wave amplitudes of larger earthquakes needs further study, we suggest using the eigenfrequencies and peak amplitudes from the first three seconds to the P-wave in the early warning operation of the on-site (single) earthquake.