近代交通运输工具以铁路和轮船为代表。铁路和轮船在中国兴起于19世纪末叶。铁路和轮船进入中国后引起的反响是多方面的。本文仅从进出口贸易、农产品商品化、新兴市场的开拓和近代城市的兴起等几个方面对铁路轮船为代表的近代交通运输工具与晚清商业间的关系进行了初步的考察。 Modern transport means railways and ships as a representative. Railways and ships rose in China at the end of the 19th century. The repercussions of railways and ships entering China are many. This article only makes a preliminary study on the relationship between modern means of transport represented by railway ships and business in the late Qing Dynasty from several aspects such as the import and export trade, the commercialization of agricultural products, the development of emerging markets and the rise of modern cities.