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一、管理本位及其历史转移近年来,随着知识经济(即美国所谓“新经济”)的兴起,“人才本位”(简称“人本”)和“知识本位”(简称“知本”)的概念被频频提起。但是,管理学界却很少有关于管理本位本身的界定。作者认为,所谓管理本位,是指在整个管理过程中处于中心地位,为各项管理职能所共同关注的核心管理对象,它是管理中的主要矛盾,在很大程度上决定着管理水平的起点和管理效率的高低。其内涵主要体现在两个方面:(1)管理本位在整个管理过程中处于核心地位。企业管理的对象包括人、财、物、关系等,不只一个,但是由于信息不充分、资源的有限和出于成本考虑,管理实践不必要,也不可能面面俱重,而只要抓住影响企业运行的关键对象,加以重点关注,这就是处于核心地位的管理本位。(2)管理本位决定着管理水平和管理效率的高低。我们很难想象,在当今人力资源成为企业核心资源的年代,一个仅反复强调物质本位的企业,其管理水平和管理效率能高到哪去,因为管理本位的错误就意味着放弃了主要矛盾,则其任何工作都只能是事倍功半的。
First, the management of the standard and its historical shift In recent years, with the rise of the knowledge economy (that is, the so-called “new economy in the United States”), “people-based ” (abbreviation “humanism”) and “ knowledge-based The concept of ”(abbreviated to “Knowledgebook”) has been frequently mentioned. However, management scholars rarely have a definition of the management standard itself. The author believes that the so-called management standard refers to the core management objects that are at the center of the entire management process and that are common to all management functions. It is the main contradiction in management, and to a large extent determines the starting point of management level. And management efficiency. Its connotation is mainly reflected in two aspects: (1) The management standard is at the core of the entire management process. The object of enterprise management includes people, finances, goods, relations, and so on. There is more than one, but due to insufficient information, limited resources, and cost considerations, management practices are not necessary, and it is impossible for them to be all-embracing. The key object of the company’s operation is to focus on it. This is the core position of the management standard. (2) Management level determines the level of management and management efficiency. It is hard to imagine that in today’s era when human resources have become core corporate resources, a company that only repeatedly emphasizes material standards can have a high level of management and management efficiency, because the mistake of managing the standard means giving up the main contradiction. Any of its work can only be less effective.