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在束流光学计算中经常利用腰-腰传输公式。但是通常的腰-腰传输公式并不适用于强流束。不少人曾对强流情况下的腰-腰传输公式进行过研究。带电粒子束束流的强弱可以按δ来区分。δ可定义为:
Waist-to-waist transfer formulas are often used in beam optics calculations. However, the usual waist-to-waist transfer formula does not apply to intense beams. Many people have studied the lumbar-lumbar transfer formula in the case of heavy currents. The strength of the charged particle beam can be differentiated by δ. δ can be defined as: