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目的探索儿童手足口病行为干预措施并评价其干预效果。方法于2011年在天津市城区和农村各选择2个街道、乡镇为研究现场,随机分为干预组和对照组各1个。采用随机整群抽样方法抽取1 224名儿童家长开展手足口病健康素养基线调查。干预组接受为期1年的干预,内容主要为手足口病防治基本知识与技能,方式包括骨干人员培训、健康教育指导和公众咨询、家长信、发放宣传材料等。干预后进行评估调查。手足口病发病情况由疾控机构提供。结果儿童家长具备手足口病健康素养的比例总体仅为10.9%。干预后,城区干预组儿童家长具备手足口病健康素养的比例由10.9%提高到24.1%,农村干预组由9.3%提高到21.1%;城区干预组儿童手足口病发病率由2.530%降低到1.230%,农村干预组由7.256%降低到2.430%。差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论大众传播和人际传播相结合的综合干预措施可有效提高儿童家长手足口病健康素养并在一定程度上改善儿童手足口病发病。
Objective To explore children’s hand, foot and mouth disease behavioral interventions and evaluate the intervention effect. Methods In 2011, two towns and townships in urban and rural areas of Tianjin were selected as study sites, and randomly divided into two groups, one in each of the intervention group and the control group. A total of 1,224 parents of children were enrolled in a random cluster sampling method to conduct a baseline survey of HFMD health literacy. The intervention group received a one-year intervention consisting mainly of basic knowledge and skills in the prevention and treatment of hand, foot and mouth disease, including training of key personnel, guidance and public consultation on health education, letter from parents, and distribution of promotional materials. After the intervention assessment survey. The incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease provided by the CDC. Results The proportion of children with hand-foot-mouth disease health literacy was only 10.9%. After intervention, the proportion of children with HFMD in city-urban intervention group increased from 10.9% to 24.1% and the rural intervention group increased from 9.3% to 21.1%. The incidence of HFMD in urban intervention group decreased from 2.530% to 1.230 %, Rural intervention group decreased from 7.256% to 2.430%. The differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The combination of mass communication and interpersonal communication can effectively improve the health literacy of hand-foot-mouth disease in children’s parents and to some extent improve the incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in children.