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在石油勘探中,地震反射法的效能受波的散射噪声的干扰所限制。使用二维地震模型所做的实验研究说明了显著影响地震剖面质量的表层散射的形式。模型类似于预计地形异常和风化起重要作用的实际地面条件。发现大小可以与反射信号的波长相比较的地形起伏能产生散射面波,其振幅约为信号振幅的50%。除了有效的能量封闭以外,当地表或层或其低不规则时,风化层还通过波的散射影响噪声水平。已经证明,反射信号
In petroleum exploration, the effectiveness of seismic reflection method is limited by the interference of wave scattering noise. Experimental studies using two-dimensional seismic models illustrate the form of surface scattering that significantly affects the seismic profile quality. The model is similar to the actual ground conditions that predict the important role of terrain anomalies and weathering. The reliefs of the size that can be compared with the wavelength of the reflected signal can produce scattered surface waves with amplitudes of about 50% of the signal amplitude. In addition to effective energy containment, the weathered layer also affects the noise level through the scattering of waves when the local surface or horizon or its low irregularities. It has been demonstrated that the signal is reflected