结节病是一多系统疾病,以活动性病变部位的细胞免疫过程增强为特征。由于肺最常受累,且其发病率和死亡率最高,故本文主要讨论肺结节病发病机理的现代概念。【临床表现】结节病的分布遍及全球,但在某些人群中流行更广且更为严重,如在美国白人中流行约5/10万,黑人中接近40/10万,且黑人比白人更为严重。肺结节病的许多症状和体征与预后相关,如不适和体重减轻,以及发热和结节性红斑等体征通常示预后良好,而呼吸困难则表 Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease characterized by an enhanced cellular immune process at the site of active lesions. Since the lungs are most frequently affected and their morbidity and mortality are the highest, this article focuses on the modern concept of the pathogenesis of pulmonary sarcoidosis. [Clinical manifestations] Sarcoidosis is widespread throughout the world, but is more prevalent and more severe in some populations, such as about 5/10 million pops in white Americans, 40/10 million blacks, and blacks more than whites More serious. Many symptoms and signs of lung sarcoidosis are associated with prognosis, such as discomfort and weight loss, and signs of fever and nodular erythema usually show a good prognosis, while breathing difficulties are