药物引起的肾损害目前日渐增加。Bono-mini 估计,肾功能衰竭者约20％与肾毒性药物有关。临床医生如能提高对药物肾毒性的认识,无疑能降低药物引起肾损害的发生率。Whelton 等指出,肾脏特别容易招致药物毒性副作用,其原因在于下列解剖和生理特点:①肾脏血流旺盛,因而通过肾脏的药物量相对较多;②肾血管床的内皮总表面积很大, Drug-induced renal damage is increasing. Bono-mini estimates that about 20% of patients with renal failure are associated with nephrotoxic drugs. If clinicians can improve their understanding of nephrotoxicity of drugs, it can undoubtedly reduce the incidence of drug-induced renal damage. Whelton et al. Pointed out that the kidney is particularly susceptible to toxic side effects of drugs due to the following anatomical and physiological characteristics: (1) the renal blood flow is so strong that the amount of drug that passes through the kidney is relatively high; (2) the total surface area of ​​the endothelial cells of the renal vascular bed is large,