列宁称之为中国11世纪改革家的王安石(1021—1086),于1069年被宋神宗任命为参知政事,次年又擢升为宰相。他力图扭转赵宋王朝“积贫积弱”的危局,积极推行变法。这次变法,是北宋阶级矛盾与民族矛盾交织发展的产物。王安石针对当时错综复杂的社会矛盾,从政治、经济、军事等方面进行了全面改革。其军事改革围绕着富国强兵这一中心,紧密联系政治、经济诸环节而展开,取得了一定的成效,留下了很值得研究的经验教训。第一,反对屈和,以战“和戎”。要改革军事,必先更新观念。照王安石的话说,即以“变风俗,立法度”为急务。自宋太宗开始,便把守内虚外、重内轻外作为传统国策,认为“国家若无外忧,必有内患。外忧不过边事,皆可预防。惟奸邪无状,若为内患, Wang Anshi (1021-1086), whom Lenin called the 11th-century reformer of China, was appointed Senate Political Affairs Officer by Song Shenzong in 1069 and was promoted to prime minister the following year. He tried to reverse the crisis of “poverty and weakness” in the Zhao and Song dynasties and actively promoted the reform. This change is a product of the intertwined development of class contradictions and ethnic conflicts in the Northern Song Dynasty. In response to the complicated social contradictions of the time, Wang Anshi carried out an all-round reform in political, economic and military fields. The military reform centered around the center of strengthening the military in the rich and the state, closely linked with political and economic links, and achieved some success, leaving valuable lessons to be learned. First, oppose flexion and war to “fight peace.” To reform the military, we must first update our concepts. According to Wang Anshi’s words, that is, “change customs, legislative degree” as a matter of urgency. Since Song Taizong started, he has taken the principle of “defending the one’s own health while neglecting one’s internal affairs and taking light as one’s internal principle” as his traditional national policy. He believes that "if the state does not have any external or internal worries, it will have internal and external problems. Suffering,