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基于传递熵概念和方法定义气象场的信息源特征度、信息汇特征度和信息传输平衡特征度.使用海表温度和高度场资料计算海气相互作用过程中的信息传递.侧重分析赤道中东太平洋(20?S-20?N,170?E-100?W)与热带地区、北半球和南半球中高纬度地区大气之间的信息传递,给出信息传递的区域和全球分布特征;并提取海表温度指数和高度场指数分析赤道中东太平洋与大气信息传递特征的季节变化和年代际变化.研究结果表明,海洋信息源主要分布在热带地区,大气信息汇主要分布在中纬度地区,从热带地区到中纬度地区,海洋对大气的强迫作用在减弱,而大气对海洋的强迫作用在增强;不同区域不同层次的高度场对赤道中东太平洋海表温度有着不同的响应,热带中东太平洋上空高度场最大延迟为4个月.欧亚大陆中部上空和北美大陆上空高度场均随时间延迟呈现波动性变化:欧亚大陆中部上空高度场随时间延迟呈现增强的趋势,而北美大陆上空高度场随时间延迟呈现减弱的趋势.海表温度指数对热带中东太平洋上空850 hPa和欧亚大陆中部上空500 hPa高度场指数的传递熵以2000 s最弱,而海表温度指数对北美大陆上空700 hPa高度场指数的传递熵以2000 s最强.表明不同年代际背景下不同区域大气对赤道中东太平洋海表温度异常的响应是不同的.然而不同季节的响应却十分相似:冬季最强,秋季次之,春季再次,夏季最弱.
Based on the concept and method of transmission entropy, the information source characteristic degree, the information exchange characteristic degree and the information transmission balance characteristic degree of the meteorological field are defined, and the information transmission in the process of sea-air interaction is calculated by using the sea surface temperature and altitude field data. (20? S-20? N, 170? E-100? W) and the tropics in the northern hemisphere and the mid-high latitudes of the southern hemisphere, giving the regional and global distribution of information; and extracting the sea surface Seasonal variation and decadal variation of information transmission in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific and the atmosphere are analyzed by using temperature index and height field index.The results show that the marine information sources are mainly distributed in the tropics and the atmospheric information is mainly distributed in the middle latitudes from the tropics At mid-latitude, the forcing effect of the ocean on the atmosphere weakened while that of the atmosphere on the ocean increased. Different altitudes of different regions responded differently to the sea surface temperature in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific, and the maximum delay in the altitude above the tropical mid-eastern Pacific For 4 months.Validity fields over the central Eurasia and North America contours fluctuate with time delay: Altitude field over central Asia tends to increase with time delay, while over the North America continent, the geopotential height field shows a weakening trend with time delay.The sea surface temperature index of 850 hPa over the central and eastern Pacific Ocean and 500 hPa over Mid-Eurasia Is the weakest at 2000 s, while the transfer entropy of the sea surface temperature index to the 700 hPa geopotential height field above the North American continent is the strongest in 2000 s, indicating that the atmospheric surface temperature in different regions of the continent is different from that in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific over different decadal times The responses are different, however, but the responses from different seasons are very similar: the strongest in winter, the second in autumn, the second in spring and the weakest in summer.