19世纪70年代日本政党发端自由民权运动。“爱国公党”是日本最先成立的政党。但是,自19世纪80年代初自由党成立,日本才有了近于完备的正式政党。与此同时,“立宪改进党”成立。自由党和改进党的建立,奠定了日后日本两大政党的基础,标志着战前日本两大资产阶级政党体系的形成。 Japanese Political Parties Initiate Free Civil Rights Movement in the 1870s. “Patriotic Party ” is Japan’s first political party. However, since the establishment of the Liberal Party in the early 1980s, Japan has had a near-complete formal political party. At the same time, “constitutional improvement party” was established. The establishment of the Liberal Party and the improvement of the party laid the foundation for the two major political parties in Japan in the future and marked the formation of the two major bourgeois political parties in Japan before the war.