在科学社会主义发展史上,对社会主义的认识历经了马克思恩格斯的理论认识,苏联模式传统社会主义观与邓小平关于社会主义本质的科学理性认识三个阶段。邓小平在马克思主义发展史上首次完整准确地概括了社会主义本质:“社会主义本质,是解放生产力、发展生产力,消灭剥削,消除两极分化,最终达到共同富裕。” In the history of the development of scientific socialism, the understanding of socialism has gone through three stages: Marx and Engels theoretical understanding, the Soviet model traditional socialist concept and Deng Xiaoping’s understanding of the scientific nature of socialism. For the first time, Deng Xiaoping summarized the essence of socialism completely and accurately in the history of Marxism: “The essence of socialism is to liberate the productive forces, develop the productive forces, eliminate exploitation, eliminate polarization and eventually achieve common prosperity.”