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目的:探讨一般自我效能感对重症监护室病人家属心理韧性、焦虑的影响并建立结构方程模型,为重症监护室病人家属心理干预提供依据。方法:采用整群抽样,运用心理韧性量表、一般自我效能感量表、焦虑量表,对临床514名重症监护室病人家属进行调查,运用SPSS18.0和Amos17.0统计软件包进行统计分析及结构方程模型构建。结果:不同性别坚韧、自强、乐观维度得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同亲属关系乐观维度得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同性别、亲属关系重症监护室病人家属一般自我效能感得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),焦虑得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结构方程模型显示:一般自我效能感对焦虑的有直接效应,路径系数为-0.21(P=0.000);一般自我效能感对心理韧性有直接效应,路径系数为0.24(P=0.000);心理韧性对焦虑有直接效应,路径系数为-0.57(P=0.000);一般自我效能感通过心理韧性对焦虑有间接效应,路径系数为-0.14(P=0.000)。一般自我效能感、心理韧性共解释重症监护室病人家属焦虑28.76%的变异量。结论:一般自我效能感因素对重症监护室病人家属焦虑有较大的影响,应运用适宜的干预措施提高重症监护室病人家属一般自我效能感,从而提高心理韧性,降低重症监护室病人家属焦虑,保证心理健康。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of general self-efficacy on the psychological resilience and anxiety of family members in intensive care unit and to establish the structural equation model to provide the basis for psychological intervention for the family members of intensive care unit. Methods: A total of 514 ICU patients’ families were investigated by cluster sampling, using the psychological resilience scale, general self-efficacy scale and anxiety scale. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS18.0 and Amos17.0 statistical software packages And structural equation modeling. Results: There were significant differences in scores of tenacity, self-improvement and optimism in different genders (P <0.05). There was significant difference in optimistic dimensions between different relatives (P <0.05). The scores of general self-efficacy of family members in ICU patients of different genders and relatives were significantly different (P <0.05), and the differences of anxiety scores were statistically significant (P <0.05). Structural equation modeling showed that general self-efficacy had a direct effect on anxiety with a path coefficient of -0.21 (P = 0.000); general self-efficacy had a direct effect on psychological resilience with a path coefficient of 0.24 (P = 0.000); psychological resilience There was a direct effect on anxiety with a path coefficient of -0.57 (P = 0.000); general self-efficacy had an indirect effect on anxiety through psychological resilience with a path coefficient of -0.14 (P = 0.000). General self-efficacy, mental toughness explain a total of 28.76% of the variation of anxiety family members of intensive care unit patients. Conclusion: The general self-efficacy factors have a greater impact on family members’ anxiety in intensive care unit. Appropriate interventions should be used to improve general self-efficacy of family members in intensive care unit, so as to improve the psychological resilience and reduce the anxiety of family members in intensive care unit. Ensure mental health.