出生缺陷目前是影响人口生存质量的世界性重大公共卫生问题,本文对国内外出生缺陷的监测系统现状、发生率以及构成特点等进行综述。虽然世界范围内各个监测中心监测的出生缺陷种类和监测方法存在一定差别,但在出生时即可诊断的体表出生缺陷发生率仍具有可比性,资料显示目前世界范围内较常见的出生缺陷类型包括:先天性心脏病、尿道下裂、唇腭裂、多(并)指(趾)和21-三体等。 Birth defects are currently major public health problems in the world, which affect the quality of life of the population. This paper reviews the status quo, incidence and composition of birth defects monitoring systems at home and abroad. Although there are some differences in the types of birth defects monitored by monitoring centers around the world and their monitoring methods, the prevalence of birth defects diagnosed at birth is still comparable, and the data show that the most common types of birth defects worldwide Including: congenital heart disease, hypospadias, cleft lip and palate, and more (and) fingers (toes) and 21-trisomy.