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本文利用中国2000—2014年分省面板数据,通过构建空间计量模型实证考察了旅游发展对城乡收入差距的影响。结果显示,中国省域城乡收入差距呈现显著的空间依赖性,周边省份城乡收入差距的变化会对本地区城乡收入差距产生影响;空间计量模型检验结果显示,中国旅游发展有助于缩小城乡收入差距,但作用强度低于非空间计量模型的估计结果,非空间计量模型由于忽略空间溢出效应而高估了旅游发展对城乡收入差距的影响作用。进一步地,旅游发展影响城乡收入差距的效果在不同时期的表现迥异;2000—2005年,旅游发展对缩小城乡收入差距的影响不明显,2006—2014年,旅游发展能够有效缩小城乡收入差距,这主要归功于该时期乡村旅游的崛起和快速发展对提高农村地区收入水平发挥积极作用。因此,应加强跨省份合作互助,统筹区域协调发展;完善西部地区基础设施建设,利用旅游业的关联和带动作用实现减贫增收;加快乡村旅游发展,推进旅游城镇化,实现城乡互补协调和一体化发展。
In this paper, we use the provincial panel data from 2000 to 2014 in China to empirically examine the impact of tourism development on urban-rural income disparity by constructing a spatial econometric model. The results show that the income gap between urban and rural areas in China’s provinces shows a significant spatial dependence, and the changes in income gap between urban and rural areas in neighboring provinces will have an impact on the income gap between urban and rural areas in the surrounding provinces. The spatial econometric model tests show that the development of tourism in China helps to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas, However, the effect intensity is lower than that of the non-space econometric model. The non-space econometric model overestimates the impact of tourism development on the income gap between urban and rural areas because of ignoring the spillover effects. Further, the effect of tourism development on the income gap between urban and rural areas shows very different effects at different periods. From 2000 to 2005, the impact of tourism development on narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas is not obvious. From 2006 to 2014, tourism development can effectively narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas. Mainly due to the active rise of rural tourism during this period and the rapid development of rural tourism in rural areas to play an active role. Therefore, the cooperation and mutual assistance across provinces should be strengthened to coordinate regional development. The construction of infrastructure in the western region should be perfected, and the link between tourism industry and the driving force should be taken to achieve the goal of reducing poverty and increasing income. Accelerate the development of rural tourism, promote the tourism urbanization and achieve the complementary coordination of urban and rural areas Development.