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MicroRNA(miR)是真核动物的一种内源性单链核苷酸,在细胞内起到基因表达的转录后调控作用。micorRNA-30家族由miR-30a~e五个成员组成,不仅在肾脏发育中起重要作用,而且参与了肾脏损伤。miR-30s通过p53、Notch1、钙/钙调磷酸酶通路抑制凋亡与骨架损伤,进而保护足细胞。在肾小管上皮细胞中,miR-30e可调控线粒体的功能,缓解肾间质纤维化。临床分子标志物研究提示,尿miR-30a-5p与原发性局灶节段肾小球硬化患者及原发性肾病综合征患儿疾病活动性相关,并且可预测激素的治疗效果。
MicroRNAs (miRs) are endogenous single-stranded nucleotides of eukaryotes and play a post-transcriptional regulatory role in the expression of genes in cells. The micorRNA-30 family, consisting of five members of miR-30a-e, not only plays an important role in kidney development, but also participates in kidney damage. miR-30s inhibits apoptosis and skeletal injury through p53, Notch1, calcium / calcineurin pathways, thereby protecting podocytes. In renal tubular epithelial cells, miR-30e regulates mitochondrial function and alleviates renal interstitial fibrosis. Clinical molecular markers suggest that urinary miR-30a-5p is associated with disease activity in patients with primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and with primary nephrotic syndrome and predicts hormone therapy.