刑事错案在全世界是一个普遍性的司法顽疾,从认识的相对论上来说,只要有司法活动存在的地方就一定有错案的发生和存在的土壤,因此,预防错案、纠正错案是刑事司法一个历久弥新的话题。为了预防错案的发生或者在错案发生后予以救济,世界各国一般都在刑事诉讼程序中创设了申诉、再审和国家赔偿等纠错机制,俄罗斯也不例外。对生效裁判的申诉和抗诉程序刑事申诉和抗诉是及时发现和纠正刑事错案的重要方法和有效途径,只有赋予相关当事人充分的申诉 Misjudged criminal cases are a universal problem of judicial justice all over the world. From the perspective of relativity of cognition, as long as judicial activities exist, there must be mistakes and their existence. Therefore, it is a long time for criminal justice to prevent wrong cases and correct wrong cases Mi new topic. In order to prevent the wrong case from happening or to provide relief after the wrong case occurs, all the countries in the world have generally established error correction mechanisms such as appeal, retrial and state compensation in criminal proceedings. Russia is no exception. Complaints and protests against valid judges Criminal appeals and protests are important ways and effective ways to promptly find and correct criminal misconduct cases. Only the relevant parties can be fully appealed