Lung cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers and the leading cause of cancer death in both economically developed and developing countries. Radiotherapy plays a critical role in the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, tumor radioresistance is one of the main obstacles for the promotion of the efficacy of radiotherapy for NSCLC. Evidence suggests that radiosensitivity is often correlated with some genes, such as miR-34s, and that their upregulation induced apoptosis, cell-cycle arrest and senescence. Rhamnetin and cirsiliol can act as radiosensitizers that enhance the radiotherapeutic efficacy by inhibiting radiation-induced Notch-1 signaling associated with radioresistance possibly via miR-34a-mediated pathways. It may be possible to restore miR-34 function for cancer therapeutic purposes in the future.