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引言黑体作为标准辐射源,广泛地应用于光学系统校准、各种材料发射率测量及红外探测器定标等等。我们研制的JWHI—Ⅰ型低温黑体(以下简称黑体)是为SWH1—1航空红外测温仪(以下简称测温仪)在空中提供一个辐射温度标准,在利用测温仪大面积航测海表温度中以及研究大气红外辐射中都是不可缺少的辅助仪器。一、仪器的原理一八六○年基尔霍夫在他的绝对黑体理论中指出,在等温密封腔壁上开一个小孔,从小孔发出的辐射就是模拟绝对黑体辐射,绝对黑体辐射的发射率为
Introduction As a standard radiation source, blackbody is widely used in optical system calibration, emissivity measurement of various materials and infrared detector calibration. We developed the JWHI-Ⅰ low temperature blackbody (hereinafter referred to as blackbody) for the SWH1-1 aviation infrared thermometer (hereinafter referred to as thermometer) in the air to provide a radiation temperature standard, the use of thermometer large area of the sea surface temperature As well as the study of atmospheric infrared radiation are indispensable auxiliary equipment. First, the principle of the instrument 1860 Kirchhoff in his theory of absolute black body pointed out that in the isothermal sealed cavity wall to open a small hole, the radiation emitted from the hole is to simulate the absolute black body radiation, absolute black body radiation Emissivity is