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对德国发动机和涡轮机联合股份公司(MTU)的4000系列新型柴油机采用了一种新型共轨式喷油系统,该喷油系统克服了常规喷油系统的典型局限性,即喷油压力决定于转速。本文介绍充分利用共轨式喷油系统的优点对发动机燃烧过程的一种新设计方法。通过整个万有特性曲线中可调整的高喷油压力,混合气形成能量可从空气方面转移到喷油方面。这就降低了对涡流的需要程度,可增加喷油嘴的喷孔数,并可采用一种宽而扁平的燃烧室盆腔。因此,空气在燃烧室中可得到充分利用,最终降低有害物质排放量和燃油比油耗。
A new common-rail injection system was adopted for the new 4000 Series diesel engine from MTU, which overcomes the typical limitations of conventional injection systems, where the injection pressure depends on the speed . This article presents a new design approach to the engine combustion process that takes full advantage of the advantages of a common rail injection system. With adjustable high injection pressures throughout the entire characteristic curve, the energy of the mixture can be transferred from air to fuel injection. This reduces the need for turbulence, increases the number of injection holes in the injector, and allows for a wide and flat combustion chamber pellet. As a result, the air is fully utilized in the combustion chamber, ultimately reducing harmful emissions and fuel-specific fuel consumption.