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目的了解襄阳市襄州区唐白河流域居民恶性肿瘤的死亡率水平、分布及其变化趋势,寻找唐白河流域水质污染与恶性肿瘤的关系。方法恶性肿瘤死因调查采取回顾性调查,对2004-2006年唐白河流域及其对照区居民进行以恶性肿瘤为主的全死因调查,以国际疾病分类标准(ICD-10)进行死因编码和根本死因推断,计算死亡率、死亡构成比和比例死亡比等指标;肿瘤现患调查采取横断面调查;后期观察采取死因监测的方法。结果唐白河流域研究区共调查4个乡镇,年均人口85 848人,恶性肿瘤年均死亡率为151.13/10万;对照区调查1个乡镇,年均人口36 529人,恶性肿瘤年均死亡率为135.96/10万。年龄分布,恶性肿瘤死亡率60岁以上年龄组对照区高于研究区(χ2=9.80,P<0.01);性别分布,研究区中游和下游男性恶性肿瘤年均死亡率高于女性(χ2=4.45和5.55,P均<0.01);总体分布,研究区和对照区比较,恶性肿瘤年均死亡率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.26,P>0.05)。肿瘤现患调查,研究区肿瘤现患率为137.79/10万,对照区为100.24/10万,研究区和对照区肿瘤现患率比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.23,P>0.05)。全死因顺序,研究区和对照区恶性肿瘤死亡均居第1位,且均以胃癌为其首位肿瘤死因;肿瘤现患病种调查以消化道癌症为主,其中,研究区以食管癌居多,对照区则以胃癌居多,肿瘤主要现患病种与肿瘤主要死亡病种基本一致。结论唐白河水质曾受到一定程度的污染,且襄阳市襄州区唐白河流域沿岸居民恶性肿瘤年均死亡率和肿瘤现患率均比对照区略有升高,但唐白河水质污染与沿岸居民肿瘤死亡未存在关联性。
Objective To understand the level, distribution and trend of mortality of malignant tumor in Tangbaihe watershed in Xiangyang, Xiangyang, and to find out the relationship between water pollution in Tangbaihe River basin and malignant tumor. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted to investigate the cause of death of malignant tumor from 2004 to 2006. The survey was conducted on all causes of death caused by malignant tumors in Tangbai River Basin and its control area from 2004 to 2006. The cause of death code and the underlying cause of death were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) Extrapolation, calculation of mortality, mortality ratio and proportion of death and other indicators; Survival survey of tumor patients to take a cross-sectional survey; late observation to take the cause of death monitoring method. Results In the study area of Tangbaihe River Basin, a total of 4 villages and towns were surveyed, with an average annual population of 85,848 people. The annual average death rate of malignant tumors was 151.13 / 100,000. In the control area, 1 township was surveyed, with an average annual population of 36 529 people. The average annual death rate of malignant tumors The rate was 135.96 / 100,000. The age distribution and the mortality of malignant tumors were higher in the control group than in the age group over 60 years old (χ2 = 9.80, P <0.01). The sex distribution, the average annual mortality of male malignant tumors in the middle and lower reaches of the study area was higher than that of the female (χ2 = 4.45 And 5.55, P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the overall distribution, the average mortality of malignant tumors between the study area and the control area (χ2 = 0.26, P> 0.05). The prevalence of cancer in the study area was 137.79 / 100000, the control area was 100.24 / 100000. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of cancer between study area and control area (χ2 = 2.23, P> 0.05). The cause of all causes of death, study area and control area ranked first in the death of malignant tumors, and are the first cause of gastric cancer as the cause of death; cancer prevalence survey mainly gastrointestinal cancer, of which the study area mostly esophageal cancer, The control area is the majority of gastric cancer, the main tumor is the prevalence of the disease and death of the tumor are basically the same. Conclusion The water quality of Tangbaihe River was polluted to some extent, and the average annual mortality rate and prevalence rate of malignant tumor in Tangbai River Basin in Xiangzhou District in Xiangyang City were slightly higher than those in control area. However, No association exists between deaths.