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本文提出一个两阶段的城市公交枢纽布局优化方法,该方法首先从备选点易达度、公交线路聚集程度和公交线路的分布范围评价其魅力度,进而确定备选枢纽点集.基于备选枢纽点集,综合考虑乘客和运营者双方利益,提出一个以枢纽辐射域最大、枢纽间相似度最小和土地成本最少的多目标枢纽布局优化模型,并设计多目标遗传算法进行求解.最后,以大连市主城区的公交系统为例,对本文提出的模型和算法进行检验.通过实例分析发现,本文提出的备选枢纽筛选模型得到的备选点几乎涵盖了大连市主城区的主要集散点,表明以魅力度评价备选枢纽点的方法是可行的,可以有效地为枢纽布局优化提供较合适的搜索空间.同时,从枢纽布局优化结果看,本文提出的多目标优化模型可以兼顾枢纽的数量、位置和土地成本,优化结果也符合大连市的实际情况.
In this paper, a two-stage city bus hub layout optimization method is proposed, which first evaluates its attractiveness from alternative point accessibility, bus line aggregation degree and bus line distribution range, and then determines the alternative hub point set. A set of hub points, considering the interests of both passengers and operators, proposes a multi-objective hub layout optimization model with the largest hub radiation hub, the smallest hub similarity and the lowest land cost, and designs a multi-objective genetic algorithm to solve the problem.Finally, Dalian City, the main city bus system as an example, the model proposed in this paper and test.Experimental analysis found that the proposed alternative hub screening model obtained by the candidate points covering almost the main city of Dalian, the main distribution point, It shows that it is feasible to appraise alternative pivot points with attractiveness and can effectively provide more suitable search space for hub layout optimization.At the same time, from the results of hub layout optimization, the proposed multi-objective optimization model can balance the number of hubs , Location and land costs, the optimization results also meet the actual situation in Dalian.