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目的分析2014-2015年流感季唐山市流感病毒病原学特征,为流感防治提供依据。方法采集哨点医院流感样病例的咽拭子标本,采用实时荧光PCR方法检测流感病毒核酸;对10株流感病毒进行血凝素基因测序,分析核苷酸序列特征及氨基酸变异情况。结果 2014-2015年流感季,1 498份流感样病例标本中检出流感病毒核酸阳性259份,阳性率为17.3%,其中甲型H3N2亚型占71.0%(184/259),乙型Yamagata系占29.0%(75/259)。系统发育分析显示甲型H3N2亚型流感病毒HA基因属于3C.3a分支,与疫苗株A/Texas/50/2012相比,在抗原位点A(A138S,R142G,N145S)和B(N128A,F159S,P198S)和受体结合位点(G229D)均发生了氨基酸位点突变。2株Yamagata系病毒均属于3分支,拥有的N116K、S150I、N165Y、N202S突变依次位于120-环、150-环、160-环和190-螺旋结构。结论唐山市2014-2015年冬季主要流行3C.3a分支的A/H3N2亚型流感病毒,其次为B/Yamagata系(3分支)流感病毒,且均发生了不同程度的抗原位点变异。
Objective To analyze the etiological characteristics of influenza virus in Tangshan during the 2014-2015 season and provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of influenza. Methods The throat swab specimens of influenza-like cases in sentinel hospital were collected, and the influenza virus nucleic acids were detected by real-time fluorescence PCR. The hemagglutinin gene was sequenced and the nucleotide sequence characteristics and amino acid variation were analyzed. Results Of the 1 498 influenza-like illness cases in the 2014-2015 influenza season, 259 were positive for influenza virus nucleic acid with a positive rate of 17.3%, of which 71.0% (184/259) were H3N2 subtype A, Yamagata type B Accounting for 29.0% (75/259). Phylogenetic analysis showed that HA gene of influenza A (H3N2) subtype belongs to 3C.3a branch. Compared with the vaccine strain A / Texas / 50/2012, , P198S) and receptor binding site (G229D) all occurred amino acid site mutation. The two Yamagata viruses belong to 3 branches. The N116K, S150I, N165Y and N202S mutations are located in the 120-loop, 150-loop, 160-loop and 190-helix structures in turn. Conclusions The A / H3N2 subtype influenza virus of 3C.3a branch of Tangshan City in the winter of 2014-2015 mainly followed by the B / Yamagata (3-branch) influenza virus with varying degrees of antigenic site variation.