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根据射线理论,讨论叠前部分偏移原理,导出用于动校正前及动校正后共炮检距剖面部分偏移的速度(v′)。并以动校正后叠前部分偏移为例,结合射线理论,在速度为v′/2的参考介质中建立了使共炮检距剖面记录满足波动方程的“爆炸反射面元”模型,从而使叠前部分偏移方法可以用波场外推原理来实现。文中进一步导出了外推算子。最后应用波动方程的线性特征对完全叠前偏移作了简单的描述。通过将有限差分波动方程叠前部分偏移法应用于野外实际资料的数据处理,并与常规水平叠加资料相比较,充分表明叠前部分偏移对处理大倾角地层反射波是有效的。
According to the ray theory, the principle of prestack migration is discussed and the velocity (v ’) of partial offset of the common offset section before and after dynamic correction is deduced. Taking the prestack offset partial displacement as an example, in combination with the ray theory, a model of “explosive reflection surface element” was established in the reference medium with speed v ’/ 2 to make the recording of the common offset meet the wave equation The prestack partial migration method can be implemented using the wave field extrapolation principle. The paper further derives the extrapolation operator. Finally, the linear characteristics of the wave equation are used to describe the complete prestack migration. By applying the prestack partial migration method of finite difference wave equation to field data processing and comparing with the conventional horizontal stacking data, it is shown that the prestack migration is effective in dealing with the reflection of large dip formation.