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工程结构设计中目前采用的方法属于“定值法”,即是将设计参数都看成不变的定值,同时以经验为主确定了一安全系数,从而认为设计出的结构就百分之百的可靠。但是影响结构可靠性的因素荷载效应与结构抗力,因各种偶然因素的影响,都是随时间或空间而变动的随机函数,因而结构完成预定功能的能力及其裕度都不能事先确定。目前较为统一认识是用结构的失效概率来度量
The method currently used in the design of engineering structures belongs to the “fixed value method”, that is, the design parameters are regarded as constant values, and a safety factor is determined based on experience. Therefore, the designed structure is considered to be 100% reliable. . However, the factors that affect structural reliability, such as load effects and structural resistance, are random functions that change with time or space due to the influence of various accidental factors. Therefore, the ability and margin of the structure to perform a predetermined function cannot be determined in advance. At present, a more unified understanding is measured by the failure probability of the structure.