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本文根据对船体钢层状撕裂多年的研究,以较多的实物照片清晰地说明了层状撕裂的断口特征。文中扼要地介绍了各类层状撕裂的形态,并借助电子探针,扫描电镜以及其它检测手段观察了各种断口形态,找出了钢板Z向拉伸性能与断口特征之间的关。同时指出层状撕裂断口具有台阶状的特点,属于准解理类型的低延性破断。通过能谱仪对断口夹杂物的分析证实导致层状撕裂的主要因素是片状硫化物夹杂。作者还用不同应力下系列拉伸试验,形象地导出了层状撕裂起始、扩展和断裂的三个主要环节,在此基础上,对层状撕裂形成机理进行了初步的分析。
Based on many years of researches on the steel-like tearing of the hull, this paper clearly shows the fracture characteristics of the layered tearing with more physical pictures. In this paper, various kinds of lamellar tearing patterns are briefly introduced, and various fracture patterns are observed by means of electron probe, SEM and other detection methods, and the relation between the Z-direction tensile properties and the fracture characteristics of the steel sheet is found out. At the same time, it is pointed out that the laminar tearing fracture has the characteristic of step-like, which belongs to the low ductile fracture of quasi-cleavage type. Analysis of the fracture inclusions by the spectrometer confirmed that the main factor causing the lamellar tearing was flaky sulfide inclusions. In addition, the author also uses three series of tensile tests under different stress levels to vividly derive three main aspects of the initiation, propagation and fracture of layered tearing. On this basis, the formation mechanism of layered tearing is analyzed preliminarily.