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目的：探讨转化生长因子（ＴＧＦ）－α和ｍｙｃ癌基因蛋白（ｍｙｃ蛋白）对人卵巢卵泡发育的局部调控机理。方法：收集３６例月经规则、因不同妇科情况切除的子宫及卵巢标本，采用免疫组织化学方法，研究ＴＧＦ－α和ｍｙｃ蛋白在卵巢组织中的表达。结果：卵母细胞在始基卵泡阶段，ＴＧＦ－α和ｍｙｃ蛋白的表达呈强阳性，随着卵泡的发育与成熟表达逐渐减弱。在颗粒细胞中，ＴＧＦ－α和ｍｙｃ蛋白表达均出现在窦前卵泡阶段，随卵泡的增大与成熟，ＴＧＦ－α表达逐渐增强。闭锁卵泡中ＴＧＦ－α和ｍｙｃ蛋白表达仅限于卵泡膜细胞。在晚期退化的黄体中，ＴＧＦ－α和ｍｙｃ蛋白表达均局限于黄体中央瘢痕周围的黄体膜细胞。结论：ＴＧＦ－α和ｍｙｃ蛋白作为卵巢内局部的调节因子，通过自分泌和旁分泌途径，协同参与人卵母细胞最初的生长、卵泡细胞的增殖分化和黄体细胞凋亡的过程。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the local regulatory mechanism of transforming growth factor (TGF)-α and myc oncogene protein (myc protein) in human ovarian follicle development. METHODS: Thirty-six menstrual rules and uterine and ovarian specimens resected for different gynecological conditions were collected. Immunohistochemistry was used to study the expression of TGF-α and myc protein in ovarian tissues. RESULTS: During the primordial follicle stage, the expression of TGF-α and myc protein was strongly positive in oocytes, and gradually decreased with the development and maturation of follicles. In granulosa cells, the expression of TGF-α and myc protein both appeared in preantral follicle stage. With the increase of follicles and maturation, the expression of TGF-α increased gradually. The expression of TGF-α and myc protein in atresia follicles was limited to the follicle cells. In the late-degenerate corpus luteum, the expression of TGF-α and myc proteins was confined to the corpus luteum cells surrounding the central corpus luteum. Conclusion: TGF-α and myc protein are local regulatory factors in the ovary and participate in the process of the initial growth of human oocytes, proliferation and differentiation of follicle cells, and apoptosis of luteal cells through autocrine and paracrine pathways.