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研究了硝酸银对雌性黄瓜产生两性花的诱导效应 ,对其在育种中应用的可能性进行了探讨 ,结果表明 :当硝酸银质量浓度高于 1 0 0 mg/L时 ,两性花和雄花的数量没有明显差异 ,诱导雌性株产生两性花的适宜质量浓度为2 0 0～ 2 5 0 m g/L ;在 3～ 4叶期处理黄瓜植株能在较低节位有效地诱导两性花 ,利于留种 ;硝酸银诱导的两性花及其果实皆明显小于单雌花及其果实 .两性花隔离后不进行人工辅助授粉的座果率为 6 7% ,其中有 6 0 %的果实有发育正常的种子 ;选择雄蕊将柱头基本包裹的两性花自由授粉 ,种子的纯度可达 86 .4% .利用两性花控制或自由授粉可以简化黄瓜雌性系选育和繁育程序 ,降低育种成本 ,提高选择效果
The inducing effect of silver nitrate on the development of bisexual flowers in female cucumber was studied, and the possibility of its application in breeding was discussed. The results showed that when the concentration of silver nitrate was above 100 mg / L, There was no significant difference between the two populations. The suitable mass concentration for inducing the female flowers to produce bisexual flowers was 200-2550 mg / L. The cucumber plants could effectively induce the bisexual flowers at the lower node in 3-4 leaf stages, The silver-induced bisexual flowers and their fruits were significantly smaller than the single-female flowers and their fruits.The rate of fruit-setting without artificial-assisted pollination after isolation of bisexual flowers was 67%, of which 60% had seeds with normal development ; The stamens were chosen to pollinate the stigma basically, the purity of the seeds was up to 86.4% .By using the control of bisexual flowers or free pollination, the breeding and breeding programs of female cucumber lines could be simplified, the breeding cost could be reduced, and the selection effect could be improved