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目的 观察鼻灌洗 (NAL)液中氧化及抗氧化指标的变化 ,探讨氯气对上呼吸道损害的机制 ,以及NAL在职业医学中的应用价值。方法 对 17名工人接触氯气前、接触氯气 4周后鼻灌洗液中一氧化氮 (NO)、丙二醛 (MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、谷胱甘肽 (GSH)、维生素C的含量及活性进行检测。结果 接触氯气后 ,鼻灌洗液中NO及GSH含量显著升高 ;未发现MDA、SOD、维生素C浓度有显著性改变。结论 氧化及抗氧化平衡状态的改变在氯气损害呼吸道的机制中可能起一定的作用。鼻灌洗方法简便 ,无创伤 ,可重复检查 ,适宜于职业医学现场研究。
Objective To observe the changes of oxidation and antioxidation in nasal lavage fluid (NAL) and to explore the mechanism of chlorine damage to the upper respiratory tract and the value of NAL in occupational medicine. Methods Nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) were measured in nasal lavage fluid of 17 workers exposed to chlorine gas four weeks after exposure to chlorine gas. Vitamin C content and activity were detected. Results The contents of NO and GSH in nasal lavage fluid were significantly increased after exposure to chlorine gas. There were no significant changes of MDA, SOD and vitamin C concentrations. Conclusion The changes of oxidative and antioxidative balance may play a role in the mechanism of chlorine damaging the respiratory tract. Nasal lavage method is simple, non-invasive, repeatable, suitable for field studies of occupational medicine.