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目的测定瓯海区市售蔬菜中的重金属元素铅、镉、砷,评估其污染状况,并分析原因,为保障人们饮食安全提供科学依据。方法利用石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定铅和镉,利用原子荧光光谱法测定砷。依据GB 2762—2012《食品中污染物限量》中规定的蔬菜中铅、镉、砷的限量进行卫生学评价。结果共检测了66份样品,其中铅、镉、砷的检出率分别为57.6%、83.3%、6.1%,检出率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=81.77,P<0.01)。检测的4大类蔬菜,铅、砷均没有超标,镉的超标率为4.5%,超标样品均来自茄果类蔬菜,且超标的3份样品均是茄子。结论瓯海区市售蔬菜中镉存在轻度污染,需引起农业、环保等部门的重视,加强对镉污染的预防及监测工作,以保障蔬菜的安全。
Objective To determine the contents of lead, cadmium and arsenic in vegetables sold in Ouhai district and evaluate their pollution status, and to analyze the causes of these diseases so as to provide a scientific basis for ensuring people’s diet safety. Methods The determination of lead and cadmium by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and the determination of arsenic by atomic fluorescence spectrometry. According to GB 2762-2012 “Limit of Contaminants in Foods” in the provisions of vegetables in the limit of lead, cadmium, arsenic hygiene evaluation. Results A total of 66 samples were detected. The detection rates of lead, cadmium and arsenic were 57.6%, 83.3% and 6.1%, respectively. The detection rates were statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 81.77, P <0.01). The detected four kinds of vegetables, lead and arsenic did not exceed the standard, cadmium exceeded the rate of 4.5%, exceeded the samples are from vegetables, and 3 samples exceeded the eggplant. Conclusion There is a slight pollution of cadmium in vegetables in Ouhai District. It is necessary to pay attention to agriculture, environmental protection and other departments to strengthen the prevention and monitoring of cadmium pollution in order to ensure the safety of vegetables.