【目的】探讨加味四逆散对慢性心理性应激胃溃疡模型大鼠胃黏膜病理形态及胃肠功能的影响。【方法】将Wistar大鼠60只随机分为正常对照组,模型对照组,西沙比利组,加味四逆散高、中、低剂量组(中药高、中、低剂量组,剂量分别为2.5、5、10 g.kg-1.d-1),每组10只,采用慢性心理性应激方法复制应激性胃溃疡大鼠模型,经加味四逆散等干预后采用常规苏木精—伊红(HE)染色镜下观察胃组织形态学改变及透射电镜法观察腺胃区胃黏膜组织细胞超微结构改变并检测胃肠功能。【结果】4周后模型组大鼠胃黏膜弥漫出血、溃疡糜烂较正常组明显,中药高、中、低剂量组大鼠胃黏膜损伤较模型组不同程度减轻。电镜观察显示正常组大鼠胃黏膜上皮细胞间连接紧凑,胞膜完整,胞核形态及大小正常;模型组大鼠胃黏膜上皮细胞间连接松解,胞质中细胞器及胞核受损严重,染色质明显边集、浓缩或均一化分布;各治疗组均较模型组不同程度好转。与模型组比较,中药高、中、低剂量组胃排空率及小肠推进比均显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);与西沙比利组比较,中药高剂量组小肠推进比显著性升高(P<0.05);与中药低剂量组比较,中药中、高剂量组胃排空率及小肠推进比均显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。【结论】加味四逆散能显著减轻心理性应激导致的胃黏膜损伤,改善胃黏膜组织细胞的微观病理形态,调节胃肠功能。 【Objective】 To investigate the effects of Jiawei Sini Decoction on gastric mucosal pathological changes and gastrointestinal function in rats with chronic psychological stress ulcer. 【Methods】 60 Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model control group, cisapride group, Jiawei Sini Decoction high, medium and low dose groups (high, medium and low dose group of Chinese medicine, the dose was 2.5 , 5,10 g.kg-1.d-1), 10 rats in each group. Chronic psychological stress was used to replicate the stress ulcer rat model. After the intervention of Jiawei Sini Powder, The morphological changes of gastric tissue were observed under eosin (HE) staining and the ultrastructure of gastric mucosa were observed by transmission electron microscopy and the gastrointestinal function was examined. 【Results】 After 4 weeks, gastric mucosa was diffusely hemorrhaged and gastric ulcer was eroded in model group. Compared with normal group, gastric mucosal lesion in high, medium and low dose group of traditional Chinese medicine was lessened to some extent. Electron microscopy showed that the gastric mucosal epithelial cells in normal rats had a tight junction, intact membranes and normal morphology and size of the gastric mucosa. The gastric mucosal epithelial cells in the model group were loosely connected and the organelles and nuclei in the cytoplasm were severely damaged. Chromatin significantly edge set, concentrated or uniform distribution; each treatment group than the model group improved to varying degrees. Compared with the model group, the gastric emptying rate and the small intestine propulsion rate were significantly increased (P <0.05 or P <0.01) in the high, middle and low doses of traditional Chinese medicine group. Compared with the cisapride group, (P <0.05). Compared with the traditional Chinese medicine low-dose group, the gastric emptying rate and the small intestine propulsion ratio in the medium and high-dose groups were significantly increased (P <0.05 or P <0.01). 【Conclusion】 Modified Sini Powder can significantly reduce the gastric mucosal injury caused by psychological stress, improve the microscopic pathology of gastric mucosal cells and regulate gastrointestinal function.