用自行设计的 16对微卫星引物研究了野鲤、高寒鲤和荷包红鲤抗寒品系的群体内遗传变异及相互间的关系。微卫星分析结果表明 :野鲤、高寒鲤和荷包红鲤抗寒品系平均扩增条带分别为 4.91、2 .82和 2 .45 ,平均杂合度观测值分别为 0 .6 4、0 .40和 0 .38。表明野鲤的遗传多样性水平最高 ,高寒鲤次之 ,荷包红鲤抗寒品系最低。说明了人工繁育和养殖实践会造成物种遗传多样性的降低。本试验共发现了 1个群体特异性标记2 0 9bp ,为进一步研究此标记与性状的连锁关系和分子标记辅助育种奠定了基础。同时 ,还对三群体间的遗传距离作了估算 ,并进行了聚类分析 ,结果重演了两选育品系的培育过程 Sixteen pairs of microsatellite primers designed by ourselves were used to study the intraspecific genetic variation and their relationship among cold-resistant strains of wild carp, high-cold carp and purse-red carp. The results of microsatellite analysis showed that the average amplified bands of the cold-resistant strains of wild carp, high-cold carp and purse red carp were 4.91, 2.82 and 2.45, respectively, and the average observed heterozygosities were 0.64, 0.40 And 0 .38. The results showed that the genetic diversity of wild carp was the highest, followed by the cold-blooded carp, and the low-cold strain of red carp was the lowest. It shows that artificial breeding and farming practice will result in the reduction of genetic diversity of species. In this study, a population-specific marker of 209bp was found, which laid the foundation for further research on the linkage between this marker and trait and molecular marker-assisted breeding. At the same time, the genetic distance between the three groups was also estimated, and the cluster analysis was carried out. As a result, the breeding process of the two breeding lines was repeated