N,N-二甲基苯胺-苄基氯(DMA-BzCl)体系引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯的初期聚合速率与溶剂的极性有关。在非质子性溶剂中,DMA苯环上的取代基将降低聚合速率;在质子性溶剂中,推电子基可加速反应,而吸电子基则相反。用DMA和Bzcl构成的季铵盐引发时,初期聚合速率与其浓度的平方根成正比,反应总表观活化能为71.5 kJ/mol。聚合物的紫外光谱证实,用DMA-BzCl混合物或其季铵盐引发时,聚合物大分子中含有DMA的残基。 The initial polymerization rate of methyl methacrylate initiated by N, N-dimethylaniline-benzyl chloride (DMA-BzCl) system is related to the polarity of the solvent. In aprotic solvents, the substituents on the DMA benzene ring decrease the rate of polymerization; in protic solvents, electron donating accelerates the reaction, whereas the electron withdrawing group reverses. When quaternary ammonium salts composed of DMA and Bzcl were used, the initial polymerization rate was proportional to the square root of the concentration, and the total apparent activation energy was 71.5 kJ / mol. The UV spectrum of the polymer demonstrates that the polymer macromolecule contains residues of DMA when primed with a DMA-BzCl mixture or its quaternary ammonium salt.