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本文用自洽的线性场理论对相论返波管进行了分析和数值计算，预见出器件的工作频率及特性．报道了Ｘ波段相对论返波管实验结果：器件在束流１８ｋＡ、束能４５０ｋｅＶ的相对论电子注驱动下，在中心频率９３０ＧＨｚ处产生了峰值功率达１００ＭＷ的微波辐射．运用全电磁的相对论的２１２维粒子模拟程序ＭＡＧＩＣ模拟了返波管中注波互作用的非线性过程．最后对实验结果，线性理论分析结果，ＭＡＧＩＣ模拟结果进行了全面的比较．
In this paper, the self-consistent linear field theory is applied to the analysis and numerical calculation of the phase-return wave tube, and the operating frequency and characteristics of the device are predicted. The experimental results of the X-band relativistic backwave tube are reported. Under the beam current of 18kA and the beam energy of 450keV, the microwave radiation with the peak power of 100MW is generated at the center frequency of 930GHz. Using the all-electron relativistic 212-dimensional particle simulator MAGIC, the nonlinear process of the wave-injection interaction in the return wave tube is simulated. Finally, the experimental results, linear theory analysis results, MAGIC simulation results were comprehensively compared.