明清两代的漕运一直是关乎国计的大事,其重要性不言而喻。为保证漕运的顺利进行,就需要运河有充足的水源。运河一般是靠其沿线的支流补给水源,这些支流一方面有为国家济漕的功能,另一方面有为当地民田灌溉的功能。因而,漕运用水与灌溉用水之间的矛盾不可避免。豫北的百泉、小丹河、洹水都为卫水的支流,在长期的历史发展之中,水利得到了极大的开发。而卫水又为运河的重要补充水源,围绕着漕运用水与灌溉用水之间的矛盾,代表不同利益的官员之间进行了一系列的 The transport of water by the Ming and Qing dynasties has always been a major event concerning the national economy. Its importance is self-evident. In order to ensure the smooth progress of water transport, the canal needs adequate water. Generally, the canals supply water to the tributaries along the route. These tributaries have the function of benefiting the country on the one hand and the irrigation of local people’s fields on the other. Therefore, the contradiction between water and irrigation water is inevitable. In the long history of development, water conservancy has been greatly exploited. Wei water is also an important supplementary source of water for the canal, around the contradiction between water and irrigation water, representatives of different interests between a series of