医院、疗养院等医疗卫生单位排放的污水中,除含有一些有机悬浮物和固体残渣外,还含有大量病原菌、病毒和蠕虫卵等。这种污水不经处理,直接排入江河等天然水源以及池塘等地面水,或者直接用于灌溉,对水体和环境的污染是十分严重的。尤其当地面水受到病原体的污染后,通过饮用和接触等途径,便可传播伤寒、霍乱、痢疾、传染性肝炎、结核病以及某些蠕虫病等。国内外因 Sewage discharged from hospitals, nursing homes and other medical and health units contains a large number of pathogens, viruses and worm eggs in addition to some organic suspended solids and solid residues. This kind of sewage is untreated and directly discharged into natural water sources such as rivers and ponds and surface water such as ponds, or directly used for irrigation. The pollution to water body and environment is very serious. In particular, when surface water is polluted by pathogens, it can spread typhoid fever, cholera, dysentery, infectious hepatitis, tuberculosis and certain helminthiasis through drinking and contact. Due to domestic and foreign