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如果我不得不将教育心理学还原为一条原理的话,我将会说,影响学习的最重要因素是学生已经知道了什么,根据学生的原有知识状况进行教学。——(美国)奥苏贝尔学生的原有知识状况即学生的经验,小学生的经验本文中称其为儿童经验。一、儿童经验是什么所谓经验,就是从已经发生的事件中获取的知识。儿童的经验就是他们在婴幼儿时期、幼儿园这段时间里经历过的事件中所获取的知识和经历。在设计教学时,我们要充分了解和依托孩子们的经验。
If I had to restore educational psychology to a principle, I would say that the most important factor affecting learning was what the student already knew and teaching based on the students’ prior knowledge. - (United States) Ausubel’s original knowledge of students that the experience of students, the experience of primary students in this article referred to as children’s experience. First, what is the so-called experience of children’s experience, that is, the knowledge gained from the events that have taken place. Children’s experience is the knowledge and experience they have acquired in infancy and kindergarten. In designing the teaching, we must fully understand and rely on the children’s experience.