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语文课的基础知识主要是字、词、句、篇章的知识。目前有些同志感到字、词、句教学的内容比较明确,容易落实,而篇章教学究竟如何进行,还在摸索中。这里,我提出一些粗浅的看法,和大家共同讨论。什么是篇章?分而言之:一是篇,二是章。篇是指串连若干段落,能表达一个中心思想,首尾完整的诗文。杜甫《饮中八仙歌》:“李白一斗诗百篇”,说的是约一百篇诗;《汉书·枚乘传》:“其可读者百二十篇”,指的一百二十篇文章。章是诗文的段落,它说明一个完整的意思。《文心雕龙·章句》说:“章总一义,须意穷而成体。”就是说,一章里具有一个意思,需要把意思说得完整才构成一个段落。而篇与章的关系,就是整体与部分的关系。一般说来,一篇里往往包含若干章,如《诗经·(?)风·东山序》:“一章言其完成,二章言其思也,三章言其室家之望女也,四章乐男女之得及时也。”
The basic knowledge of Chinese class is mainly words, words, sentences, chapters of knowledge. At present, some comrades feel that the content of teaching words, sentences and sentences is relatively clear and easy to implement. However, how to carry out the teaching of texts is still under investigation. Here, I put forward some superficial views and discuss with everyone. What is the chapter? In short: one chapter, the second chapter. Article refers to a number of paragraphs in series, to express a central idea, the complete poem. Du Fu's “Drinking Eight Immortals Song”: “Li Bai a bucket of poems one hundred”, which is about one hundred poems; “Han master copy pass”: “One hundred twenty readers”, refers to the one hundred and two Ten articles. Chapter is a paragraph of poetry, it shows a complete meaning. “Wen Xin Diao Long Chapters” said: “Zhang Yiyi, must be poor and adult.” That is to say, a chapter has a meaning, the meaning needs to be completed to form a paragraph. The relationship between chapter and chapter, is the relationship between the whole and the part. In general, an article often contains several chapters, such as “The Book of Songs · Wind · Dongshan Preface”: "A chapter of its completion, the second chapter of its thinking also, Four chapters music men and women in time also.