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为了探索激光清洗技术用于铝合金激光焊前预处理的可行性,在7A52铝合金试样表面进行了激光清洗预处理,并采用ER 5356铝合金焊丝在试样表面制备了激光填丝焊缝,分析了激光清洗后试样表面的形貌和成分特征,研究了激光清洗预处理对激光焊缝成形质量的影响规律。结果表明:激光清洗预处理后,试样表面存在波纹状的微沟槽织构,表面粗糙度由未预处理前的0.82μm增加至3.21μm,表面氧元素质量分数仅为2.44%;焊前激光清洗能够有效去除试样表面的原始氧化膜,降低焊缝内工艺气孔和氢气孔的产生倾向,并增加表面对激光的吸收率,改善熔滴在表面的铺展润湿性,从而提高焊缝的成形质量。激光清洗技术可适用于铝合金激光焊接前的表面预处理。
In order to explore the feasibility of laser cleaning technology for pretreatment of aluminum alloy laser welding, laser cleaning pretreatment was carried out on the surface of 7A52 aluminum alloy sample, laser welding wire was prepared on the surface of sample by ER 5356 aluminum alloy wire The morphology and composition of the surface after laser cleaning were analyzed. The influence of laser pretreatment on the quality of laser welding was studied. The results show that there is a corrugated micro-groove texture on the surface of the sample after laser cleaning, the surface roughness increases from 0.82μm to 3.21μm before the pretreatment, and the surface oxygen content is only 2.44% Laser cleaning can effectively remove the original oxide film on the surface of the sample and reduce the propensity of process pores and hydrogen pores in the weld and increase the absorption rate of the surface to the laser to improve the spreading wettability of the droplet on the surface and thereby improve the weld Forming quality. Laser cleaning technology can be applied to pre-treatment of aluminum alloy surface before laser welding.