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文化遗产(Cultural Heritage)包括有形文化遗产和无形文化遗产(即Tangible Cultural Heritage和Intangible Cultural Heritage)两部分,前者以人类可直接接触的方式存在,后者则以特殊媒介传导的形式存在。由于存在形式上和认知程度上的差别,对有形文化遗产的保护,通过多年的研究积累获得了丰富的经验,但对无形文化遗产的保护,却还只是一个相对比较新的国际前沿课题。本文试从生态博物馆的保护作用、观众地位、法律制度和现代化技术四个角度,谈谈无形文化遗产的保护方法。
Cultural Heritage includes tangible and intangible cultural heritage (ie, Tangible Cultural Heritage and Intangible Cultural Heritage). The former exists in direct contact with human beings and the latter in the form of special media. Due to the differences in form and cognition, the protection of tangible cultural heritage has gained rich experience through years of research accumulation. However, the protection of intangible cultural heritage is only a relatively new international frontier issue. This article tries to discuss the protection methods of intangible cultural heritage from four aspects: the protection of ecological museum, the status of audience, legal system and modern technology.