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目的了解嘉兴市城乡中小学生手卫生现况及其影响因素,为探索有效的健康教育方法提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,抽取嘉兴市城乡8所学校共1 600名学生进行问卷调查。结果知道洗手能预防呼吸道、肠道传染病和全部洗手指征等相关知识的学生分别为24.13%,40.50%和38.63%;仅8.31%的学生能完全做到10项日常生活洗手指征,23.81%的学生能正确使用六步洗手法;26.35%的城市学生和12.11%的农村学生主观上不愿洗手,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。19.56%的学生认为在学校洗手有困难,主要原因是无洗手液或肥皂(77.00%)、洗手后无毛巾(66.77%),城乡差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.01);学生手卫生知识主要来源于父母(58.81%)。结论应采取多项措施加强城乡中小学生手卫生知识的宣传,提高手卫生的依从性。
Objective To understand the status of hand hygiene in primary and secondary school students in urban and rural areas and its influencing factors in Jiaxing city and provide the basis for exploring effective health education methods. Methods By stratified random sampling method, a total of 1 600 students from 8 schools in urban and rural areas of Jiaxing City were sampled for questionnaire survey. As a result, students who knew that handwashing could prevent respiratory tract infections, intestinal infectious diseases and all handwashing were 24.13%, 40.50% and 38.63% respectively; only 8.31% of the students were able to fully achieve 10 daily handwashing indications; 23.81 % Of students can correctly use the six-step wash method; 26.35% of urban students and 12.11% of rural students do not want to wash their hands subjectively, the difference is statistically significant (P <0.05). 19.56% of students think that there are difficulties in hand-washing at school, mainly because there is no soap or soap (77.00%), no towel after hand washing (66.77%), and there is a statistically significant difference between urban and rural areas (P <0.01) Knowledge comes mainly from parents (58.81%). Conclusions A number of measures should be taken to strengthen the publicity of hand hygiene knowledge of primary and middle school students in urban and rural areas and improve the compliance of hand hygiene.