大运河是中国内陆贯穿南北的漕运水道,人流物流交通线,区域文化的廊道,同时,它也是一条极为重要的南北军事战略通道,历史上多次成为国内外重大军事斗争的发生地和关联区,许多重要的战争发生在京杭大运河沿岸,因此,它具有重要的军事防御和后勤保障功能。近代以来,清政府几次重大战役的失败都直接或间接与大运河有关。第一次鸦片战争中,清政府对大运河的军事战略地位重视不够,在英军控制了大运河上战略要塞之后,南北漕运中断,被迫签订不平等条约;第二次鸦片战争中清军虽然设置了大运河防线,但由于防御观念落后,仍然无法逃脱战败的结局;甲午战争的失败则与大运河无法发挥运输军事装备的功能有直接的关系。在交通体系完备、大运河成为世界文化遗产的今天,我们仍然应该重视其作为黄金水道的运输功能和军事战略价值。 At the same time, it is also an extremely important military and strategic passage between North and South. In history, the Grand Canal has repeatedly become the site of major military struggles both at home and abroad and In the related area, many important wars occurred along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. Therefore, it has important military defense and logistical support functions. Since the modern times, the failure of several major campaigns of the Qing government has been directly or indirectly related to the Grand Canal. During the first Opium War, the Qing government paid insufficient attention to the strategic position of the Grand Canal in the military. After the British troops took control of the strategic fort on the Grand Canal, water transport between the North and the South was interrupted and forced to sign an unequal treaty. In the second Opium War, Although the Grand Canal defense line was set up, the defeat of the Grand Canal could not escape the defeat because of the backward defense concept. The failure of the Sino-Japanese War was directly related to the inability of the Grand Canal to transport the military equipment. Today, when the transportation system is complete and the Grand Canal becomes a world cultural heritage, we should still attach importance to its transportation function and military strategic value as a golden waterway.