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利用原产于中国18省的329份粳稻地方品种为试验材料,在自然低温和冷水胁迫下进行了孕穗期耐冷性鉴定和主要耐冷性状间相关分析。结果表明,自然低温和冷水胁迫下各粳稻地方品种间存在明显的耐冷性差异,共鉴定筛选出黑壳粘、红芒大足、红须贵州禾、冷水谷、须糯等31份孕穗期耐冷性强的粳稻地方品种。其中原产于贵州省的黑壳粘在自然低温和冷水胁迫下均表现出较强的孕穗期耐冷性。自然低温与冷水胁迫下孕穗期耐冷性鉴定结果呈极显著正相关。自然低温下结实率与穗颈长、穗长和秆长呈显著或极显著正相关,而与抽穗天数呈极显著负相关。在冷水胁迫下结实率与株高呈极显著正相关,而与抽穗天数呈极显著负相关;结实率的冷水反应指数(CRI)与株高CRI呈显著正相关,而与有效穗数CRI呈显著负相关。
Using 329 local japonica rice cultivars originated from 18 provinces in China as experimental materials, the correlation analysis of cold tolerance and main cold tolerance traits at booting stage was carried out under natural low temperature and cold water stress. The results showed that there were significant differences in cold tolerance among the japonica landraces under natural low temperature and cold water stress. A total of 31 indica cold tolerance indications including black husked, Dahongmao, Hongshu Guizhou, Wo Shui Gu, Strong japonica landraces. Among them, black shell native to Guizhou province showed strong cold tolerance at booting stage under natural low temperature and cold water stress. Natural cold temperature and cold water stress booting cold tolerance identification results showed a very significant positive correlation. The seed setting rate at naturally low temperature was significantly or very significantly positively correlated with ear length, ear length and culm length, but significantly negatively correlated with days of ear number. There was a significant positive correlation between seed setting rate and plant height and a significantly negative correlation with the number of heading days under cold water stress. CRI was significantly and positively correlated with plant height and CRI Significant negative correlation.