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目的探讨未住院学前儿童髋关节一过性滑膜炎的临床特点。方法对89例门诊观察治疗的18个月~6岁髋关节一过性滑膜炎患儿进行分析。结果临床表现起病突发者86.5%(77/89),近期有上感病史者51.7%(46/89),体格检查中“4”字征阳性率89.9%(80/89),超声检查阳性率88.5%(54/61),避免负重行走治疗效果佳,4周内100%恢复。结论学前儿童髋关节一过性滑膜炎中症状突发而无发高热、体检有“4”字征阳性而托马斯阴性、辅助检查中超声检查具有诊断意义,随访观察对鉴别诊断十分必要。学前儿童髋关节一过性滑膜炎不必住院治疗。
Objective To investigate the clinical features of transient unilateral synovitis in preschool children. Methods 89 cases of outpatient observation and treatment of 18 months to 6 years old children with synovitis of the hip were analyzed. Results There were 86.5% (77/89) of the patients with clinical manifestation and 51.7% (46/89) of the patients who had the history of infection recently. The positive rate of “4” character in physical examination was 89.9% (80/89) The positive rate of 88.5% (54/61), to avoid adverse effects of weight walking treatment, 100% recovery within 4 weeks. Conclusion Prehypertensive synovitis in preschool children with sudden onset of symptoms without fever, physical examination with “4” character positive and Thomas negative, auxiliary examination with diagnostic significance of ultrasound, follow-up observation of the differential diagnosis is necessary. Pre-school children with transient synovitis of the hip need not be hospitalized.